What are the 4 types of irony?!

The enemy attacked the headquarters. what is the action verb in the sentence?

Read the passage: canines may not be the deepest thinkers in the world. but perhaps that's for the best. the life of a dog—sitting alone all day, waiting for everyone to come home—can be pretty boring. super-smart animals would probably get totally stressed out, says university of pennsylvania researcher james serpell. look at it this way: if dogs were any smarter, they probably wouldn't choose to hang around with us. which best describes the tone of the passage?

The missionaries who appear in the novel are colonists from a) britain b) portugal c) spain d) italy