Read the following introduction for a research paper on novels and answer the question. The word novel is borrowed from the Italian word novella (Henry 235). Defining exactly what a novel is can be hard work. The standard dictionary definition is "a fictional prose narrative of considerable length, typically having a plot that is unfolded by the actions, speech, and thoughts of the characters" ("Novel"). Novels in some way represent life. The representations, however, occur in a narrative about life and experience. Since the novel can represent life, such fiction can be serious. The seriousness begins when the novel deals with humankind in a way that shows its importance and significance within the fictional world of the novel. The world of a novel varies greatly from author to author because each writer creates a new fictional world for a new work. That world may be all the relationships of a whole nation or of a very small town. That world may be as confined as the captain's cabin on a ship or as open as a little island. That world may also be as withdrawn as the farthest recesses of the human mind. Novels are important as they entertain and instruct the readers through a variety of life experiences.

What is the purpose of this paragraph?

to introduce the topic of novels
to create interest in the topic of novels
to describe novels
to define novels

Read this excerpt from "ain't i a woman? " by sojoumer truth in which three sentences does she make an emotional appeal to the audience by talking about her personal hardships? well, children, where there is so much racket there must be something out of kilter. {i think that 'twixt the negroes of the south and the women at the north, all talking about rights, the white men will be in a fix pretty soon.} but what's all this here talking about? {that man over there says that women need to be into carriages, and lifted over ditches, and to have the best place everywhere. nobody ever me into carriages, or over mud puddles, or gives me any best place} and ain't i a woman? look at me! look at my arm! {i have ploughed and planted, and gathered into bars, and no man could head me! } and ain't i a woman? i could work as much and eat as much as a man - when i could get it - and bear the lash as well! and ain't i a woman? {i have borne thirteen children, and seen most all sold off to slavery, and when i cried out with my mother's grief, none but jesus heard me! } and ain't i a woman? {then they talk about this thing in the head, what's this they call it? [member of audience whispers, "intellect") that's it, honey.} what's that got to do with women's rights or negroes' rights? if my cup won't hold but a pint, and yours holds a quart, wouldn't you be mean not to let me have my little half measure full?

Label the different parts of the stage. downstage stage left audience stage right upstage

How would “in a station or the metro” change of the bough was bright and lovely rather than wet and black a: the station would seem cheerier b: the poem would not be considered imagist c: the people would seem less pleasant. d: the poem would no longer be hokku