14. Grandpa planted a backyard garden, hoping that it was helping with the high cost of food.

a. will help
b. would help
c. helped
d. No change necessary

B. Would help

Explanation:

In the first part of the sentence the word “planted” shows up. This gives us context clues that the sentence is written in past tense.

The second part of the sentence it has the word “hoping” as past tense verb.

This means that “‘would help’ with food” is the best option. Not only does it flow nicely but it also represents that the grandfather was thinking of the future.

“was helping”/no change necessary doesnt work because it means that the garden had already been planted and had already been helping.

“Will help” doesn’t work because the tense is not correct. This is because “will” is current when we are talking about the past.

and finally, “helped” is not correct because this would mean that the garden had already helped. This isn’t possible because it takes time for things to grow.

All of this said, we can determine that the answer is B. Would help.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)