Which term refers to an author’s opinion about the subject of the text?

This is an acadamical question why does juelz get bit by an alligator and why was arthur the only one who in the middle chapter in the book

Some keep the sabbath in surplice - i just wear my wings - and instead of tolling the bell, for church, - our little sexton - sings

Plz asap read this sentence from paragraph 3 of the article. the boys and girls are merely asked to obtain the signatures of ten friends or relatives. how does the word "merely" affect the meaning of the sentence? a- it suggests that asking people to subscribe to the washington times is something negative. b- it implies that obtaining ten signatures is not a requirement for receiving a prize. c- it downplays the fact that to win the prize, children must ask people to subscribe to the washington times. d- it emphasizes that children receive the prize only if they obtain ten signatures.