Read the back. cover description of a book: A Billion Footprints describes the environmental impact of
seemingly innocent actions that people take in their
normal lives, from running a blender to drinking a glass of
tap water. Readers will be shocked to learn how even the most innocuous routines cause irreversible harm to the
world around us.

How might the author convey the same information using a chronological
structure?

A. By describing a person's environmentally consequential actions
from sunrise until bedtime

B. By putting each action in order from least harmful to the
environment to most harmful

C. By categorizing each action according to the kind of pollution it
causes: air, land, or water

D. By describing the consequences first and then tracing the causes
back to a person's actions

Each state in america has a different seal, or symbol, that represents the traditional culture of that state. the state seal of georgia is rich in meaning, history, and patriotism. when was the seal adopted? 2georgia’s state constitution established the state seal in 1798. however, as georgia’s political circumstances changed, so too did the state’s seal. between 1863 and 1865, georgia used a different state seal to represent its separation from the rest of the country during the civil war. then, from 1868 to1871, georgia’s secretary of state nathan c. barnett hid the original seal when the capital was occupied by the north’s victorious enemy forces. he readopted the original seal in 1872. 4georgia’s state seal remained unchanged for 42 years. then, a law was passed that required the state to alter the date on the seal. the year 1799 had originally appeared on the seal to represent the year that the seal was officially adopted. the new law changed the date on the seal to 1776, the year that america’s founding fathers signed the declaration of independence. what does the seal look like? 5just as coins each have a “heads” side and a “tails” side, state seals also each have a front and a back. the front of the seal shows three tall columns, or pillars. perched atop these pillars is an arch that displays the word “constitution.” the two end pillars are each adorned with a ribbon-like banner that reads “wisdom” and “moderation.” a third banner, reading “justice,” hangs in front of the middle pillar. when read together, the banners make up the official state motto of georgia: “wisdom, justice, and moderation.” the seal also exhibits a picture of a soldier holding a sword. the words “state of georgia” appear along the top. the year 1776 is printed at the bottom. 6the back of the seal portrays a rural shoreline scene featuring a large ship and small boat. also included in the picture are bundles of tobacco plants and cotton and a farmer working in a field. across the top of the seal are the words “agriculture and commerce.” the bottom of the seal is also marked with the year 1776. what do the symbols on the seal represent? 7each item on the seal is symbolic of georgia’s history and the history of america as a united country. the pillars on the front stand for the three branches of government—legislative, executive, and judicial—and how they all work together to support the country and its constitution. the man holding the sword represents soldiers who defend the country and its laws. 8the boats on the back of the seal symbolize the agricultural commerce of georgia. similarly, the farmer and crop bundles represent georgia’s dependence on agriculture for survival. during the mid to late 1800s, over 700,000 cotton bales were produced each year. cotton is still a “king” crop in georgia. the state currently produces almost three million bales per year. this is only one reason why the state is an important asset to its country. read the passage on the left to answer the following questions: 13) the author's main purpose in writing this article is a) to inform. b) to create. c) to persuade. d) to entertain. 14) in paragraph eight, the word asset means a) benefit. b) debt. c) element. d) expense. 15) in paragraph six, the word portrays means a) condescends. b) deceives. c) honors. d) reveals.

Read the excerpt from "a modest proposal." the poorer tenants will have something valuable of their own, which by law may be made liable to a distress, and to pay their landlord's rent, their corn and cattle being already seized, and money a thing unknown. which statement effectively uses a quotation to show that swift claims that the poor will also benefit from his proposal? “swift writes that poorer tenants will have something valuable of their own, which by law may be made liable to a distress.” swift writes that poorer tenants will finally have something to pay their landlord’s rent since they have neither money nor trade. swift writes that poorer tenants will have something to trade for rent since “their corn and cattle” have already been seized. swift writes that “poorer tenants will have something valuable of their own” that can “ to pay their landlord’s rent.”

Match the term to the correct example. 1. allusion juliet: else would i tear the cave where echo lies, / and make her airy tongue more hoarse than 2. imagery chorus: that fair for which love groan’d for and would die, / with tender juliet match’d, is now not fair. 3. personification friar laurence: therefore love moderately; long love doth so; / too swift arrives as tardy as too slow. 4. foreshadowing romeo: the brightness of her cheek would shame those stars / as daylight doth a lamp.