Use your knowledge of context clues, word roots, and affixes to determine the meaning of the italicized words in this passage. At first, Greece was ruled by an oligarchy. The problem with this type of government is that a few individuals can issue edicts, which are not agreed upon by everyone, but which everyone must follow. After a while, the oligarchy was extirpated and replaced by a democracy. Oligarchy most likely means “a .” Edicts most likely means “ .” Extirpated most likely means “ .”

Ineed . read the passage, and choose the two (2) inferences that are most firmly based on the given information. although lie detector tests are based on a sound principle, they are not alwaysaccurate. the test is based on the fact that people become emotionally “stirred up”when they lie. the lie detector can sense physical changes that accompany suchemotional responses. but an innocent person may react emotionally to a keyquestion. thus, he or she appears to be lying when actually telling the truth. and criminals who lie often may feel no guilt about anything. they can therefore tell huge lies without showing the slightest emotional ripple on the lie detector. without an emotional response, there are no physical responses to detect. 1. criminals never feel any guilt about their crimes. 2. lie detector tests are not foolproof. 3. anyone can easily fool the lie-detector machine. 4. an emotional response by an innocent person