Read the following excerpt from “the laws of nature and humanity” in biology for the middle school: for 5th grade girls by marie harm and hermann wiehle.

these natural laws are incontrovertible; . . those who resist them will be wiped out. biology not only tells us about animals and plants, but also shows us the laws we must follow in our lives, and steels our wills to live and fight according to these laws. the meaning of all life is struggle.

the excerpt above is an example of a false dilemma. which of the following choices explains the logical fallacy in this excerpt, as well as the reason it fails to prove its point?

a.

the excerpt is an example of a testimonial not a false dilemma. it fails to persuade the audience to buy more animals and plants to ensure survival.
b.

the excerpt is an example of a false dilemma because it tries to say that humans survive because they behave differently than animals and plants. the argument does prove this point.
c.

the excerpt is an example of a false dilemma because it states that humans function exactly like animals and plants. by drawing this comparison, it fails to acknowledge the many factors that affect and alter the life course of animals, plants, and humans.
d.

the excerpt contains no logical fallacies but uses true statements to persuade the audience of life’s common struggle.

C. The excerpt is an example of a false dilemma because it states that humans function exactly like animals and plants. By drawing this comparison, it fails to acknowledge the many factors that affect and alter the life course of animals, plants, and humans.

Explanation:

In this excerpt, the author tells us that natural laws indicate what humans are meant to do in the world. He tells us that these laws not only tell us how animals and plants work, but also how humans should lead their lives. Moreover, he tells us that these laws are incontrovertible. However, the author fails to take into account the fact that human lives are extremely complex, and that many factors can influence the course of their life.

a biography is a genre that mainly accounts somebody's life and that is written by somebody else. this genre supports sonia nazario's desire to share enrique's life because she can fully inform readers of his entire emotional journey.

in a biography, an author can share the readers almost everything about a person's life, or just one key event or personal aspect the author is interested in telling, like in this specific case in which sonia nazario is centered in enrique's emotional journey.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)