You are in a land where there are only knights and knaves. Knights always tell the truth and knaves always lie. You come across three inhabitants of this land who are out on a boat off shore. It’s dark and you can’t tell who is who so you shout out to them, "Which one of you is a knight and which one is a knave?" The first one says something, but the wind comes up and you can’t hear what they said. The second one then says, "She said she’s an knight, and so am I." The third one says, "They’re both lying; I’m an knight and they’re both knaves." Who is a knight and who is a knave? For full credit, you must explain/prove your answer.

The first two are Knights

Explanation:

Assume A is a knave. In that case, she is lying. B’s statement is then a contradiction because a knight could never say “If she is lying (she is), then I am a knave,” because that would be a lie. Similarly, if B was a knave, B would never say, “If she is lying (she is), then I am a knave,” because that would be the truth. So if A is a knave, B cannot be a knight or a knave, which is a contradiction. Therefore, A cannot be a knave. Because A cannot be a knave, A must be a knight. In that case, she is not lying. B’s statement is then vacuously true. Therefore, B must be a knight, since a knave cannot make a true statement.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

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