In their preface, the Grimms explained their interest in the culture of the common people, and their intention in recording their tales: “It was perhaps just the right time to record these tales since those people who should be preserving them are becoming more and more scarce. . . . Wherever the tales still exist, they continue to live in such a way that nobody ponders whether they are good or bad, poetic or crude. People know them and love them because they have simply absorbed them in a habitual way. And they take pleasure in them without having any reason. This is exactly why the custom of storytelling is so marvelous.” In short, the Grimms’ first collection was shaped as an archaeological excavation and as a book for adults and for scholars. Their tales were not to be classified as children’s stories, not even today. –“How the Grimm Brothers Saved the Fairy Tale,” Jack Zipes What is the central idea of this passage?
Archaeology is important for preserving cultural customs of the past, including the art of storytelling.
Characters in the old stories were neither good nor bad, and people enjoyed the simplicity of the tales.
The Grimms had an interest in preserving tales to be shared with adults and children of future generations.
The Grimms’ first collection of tales was a cultural study intended for a scholarly audience.

Checklist imagine that your local library has invited community members to submit proposals for a fundraiser. you are the student representative on the committee to choose the best proposal. read the two proposals, paying close attention to their similarities and differences. consider whether or not each proposal is logistically feasible, which fundraiser will most appeal to members of your community, and which fundraiser will likely raise more money. which proposal do you think the committee should choose? write an essay in which you make a case for your choice. support your argument with references to specific details in each proposal. proposal 1: the best way to get people invested in the library is to show them the joy of reading. for that reason, the library should hold a book sale. people could donate books that they no longer want, and the librarians could find books that the library no longer needs. volunteers would need to sort the books into categories and arrange them in an inviting way, like at a bookstore. books should be inexpensive so people will buy more of them – maybe fifty cents for paperbacks and two dollars for hardcover books. a book sale would appeal to people of all ages, from little kids to older people. there should also be a table where people can sign up for library cards. that way, if visitors do not find any books they want at the sale, they can come back to the library. proposal 2: a great way to make money for the library would be holding a car wash. the softball team at my school raised over $400 at their car wash last year! the car wash could be held in the library parking lot on a saturday morning. you could ask local high school students to volunteer to wash the cars. that would be a great way to get students involved with the library. it takes two or three volunteers to wash a car quickly, so you would need at least ten volunteers. you could charge around ten dollars per car. even people who are not very interested in reading like to have a clean car, so you would get a lot of people to stop by who might not otherwise come to a library fundraiser.

Which two sentences are written in subjunctive mood? take this money and go buy some clothes for yourself. i was happy because i passed the test, which i studied for. if only my umbrella would fix itself, then i could go out in this weather. i'm going on a trip to canada, but i'm not taking you with me. if i were the thief, i would have turned myself in before i got caught.

Read the excerpts from part 3 of "an occurrence at owl creek bridge." a rising sheet of water curved over him, fell down upon him, blinded him, strangled him! the cannon had taken a hand in the game. as he shook his head free from the commotion of the smitten water he heard the deflected shot humming through the air ahead, and in an instant it was cracking and smashing the branches in the forest beyond. *** a whiz and rattle of grapeshot among the branches high above his head roused him from his dream. the baffled cannoneer had fired him a random farewell. he sprang to his feet, rushed up the sloping bank, and plunged into the forest. *** as he is about to clasp her he feels a stunning blow upon the back of the neck; a blinding white light blazes all about him with a sound like the shock of a cannon—then all is darkness and silence! what function does the motif of the cannon serve throughout the story? the cannon continually pushes farquhar to continue his journey through his dream and back to reality. the cannon encourages farquhar to investigate whether his escape was a dream or reality. the cannon reminds farquhar that time is subjective and encourages him to move quickly in order to reach his home. the cannon represents farquhar’s romantic dream that he escaped his execution and will return home.