Select the correct answer. The Commerce clause of the Constitution says, “the Congress shall have the Power... to regulate Commerce...among the several states.” Does the clause apply if a state wants to make regulations so that its stores only sell milk from cows in that state? A. no, because the Constitution does not allow the federal government to regulate cows B. no, because the Commerce clause allows states to regulate farms C. no, because states should be able to make people buy healthy milk D. yes, the Commerce clause applies because it is against discrimination E. yes, the clause applies because dairies in the state itself can sell across state lines so engage in interstate commerce

the thousand and one nights – or, as i prefer to call them in the following for purely practical reasons: the arabian nights – as we perceive them three hundred years after antoine galland’s epochal french adaptation bear a distinct arabic imprint. meanwhile, the commonly accepted model for their textual history acknowledges various stages in the conceptualization and effective formation of both the collection’s characteristic frame story and the embedded repertoire. the vast majority of tales in the preserved manuscripts of the nights has been integrated into the collection during two periods of arabic influence, the so-called baghdad and cairo periods (gerhardt 1963: 115–374). these “arabic” stages are preceded by an iranian version, probably dating to pre-islamic times, which in its turn profits from both structural devices and narrative contents originating from indian tradition. considering the eminent position that iran and iranian culture hold in the early stages of the textual history of the arabian nights, surprisingly few details are known concerning the collection’s relation to and its actual position within the iranian cultural context. in the following, i will discuss links between the arabian nights and iranian culture on several levels. in surveying these links, i will treat five major areas: (1) the iranian prototype of the nights; (2) tales of alleged persian origin; (3) persian characters within the tales; (4)persian translations of the arabian nights; and (5) the position of the arabian nights in modern iran

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