Passage 1 Passage 2
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whether the ideas are presented in
Passage 1, Passage 2, or BOTH passages.
Between 58 and 50 BCE, Julius Caesar, who was then a
Roman military leader and govornor, gained control of
a large region known as Gaul Concerned about
Caesar's power, the Senate, which controlled Rome,
ordered Caesar to disband his army and give up his
position as governor. Caesar refused, and in 49 BCE, he
led his army across the Rubicon River, knowing his
decision to enter Italy would load to war.
Passage 1
Passage 2
Both
from Readings in Ancient History,
“The Crossing of the Rubicon"
by William Stearns Davis
... Coming up with his troops on the
banks of the Rubicon, which was the
frontier of his province, he halted for a
while, and revolving in his mind the
Crossing the Rubicon was an action that could not
be undone.
Caesar considered turning back when he arrived
at the Rubicon.
Some people thought crossing the Rubicon was a
bad idea.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

our founding fathers introduced the revolutionary idea that each person's desire to pursue their idea of happiness was not self-indulgence, but a necessary driver of a prosperous society. they created a government to defend that right for everyone.

shakespeare was famous for writing in iambic pentameter, which is a specific way of rhyming sonnet lines in ten syllables. there are also forms of unrhymed iambic pentameter, as in macbeth, with the noble characters.