“The Unseen Values” is an essay that was written to be presented before Congress. Think about how the author’s knowledge of his audience may have influenced the type of details he decided to include. If the writer were writing to convince school children to support his position, how might his argument be different? In your journal, craft an outline of some of the points you would include in an argument aimed at convincing a third-grade class to support space exploration.

Respond to one of the questions below. include at least two supporting details or examples. a. in “the literature of the middle east and south asia,” laura winkiel writes: “these stories us to understand the complex questions that middle easterners and south asian people ask as they stand at a crossroads of cultural and religious change.” explain how this statement applies to one of the selections you read. be sure to include the title of the selection and explain the crossroads that it illustrates. b. setting and mood are important elements in many of the stories in this unit. choose one story and describe some aspects of its setting: where it takes place; what mood is created by the details of weather, place, and time; and how this setting to convey the theme of the story. c. what did you learn about the role of women in the societies described in the reading selections in this unit? describe how the women cope with the conflicts they encounter. note: if you respond to essay (c), you may not choose the similar essay in the unit 3 unit test.

Metonymy is best defined as a figure of speech in which

What to the slave is the fourth of july? by frederick douglass fellow-citizens—pardon me, and allow me to ask, why am i called upon to speak here to-day? what have i, or those i represent, to do with your national independence? are the great principles of political freedom and of natural justice, embodied in that declaration of independence, extended to us? and am i, therefore, called upon to bring our humble offering to the national altar, and to confess the benefits, and express devout gratitude for the blessings, resulting from your independence to us? but, such is not the state of the case. i say it with a sad sense of the disparity between us. i am not included within the pale of this glorious anniversary! your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance between us. the blessings in which you this day rejoice, are not enjoyed in common. the rich inheritance of justice, liberty, prosperity, and independence, bequeathed by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me. the sunlight that brought life and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. this fourth of july is yours, not mine. you may rejoice, i must mourn. to drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. do you mean, citizens, to mock me, by asking me to speak to-day? fellow-citizens, above your national, tumultuous joy, i hear the mournful wail of millions, whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are to-day rendered more intolerable by the jubilant shouts that reach them. if i do forget, if i do not faithfully remember those bleeding children of sorrow this day, "may my right hand forget her cunning, and may my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth! " to forget them, to pass lightly over their wrongs, and to chime in with the popular theme, would be treason most scandalous and shocking, and would make me a reproach before god and the world. my subject, then, fellow-citizens, is american slavery. i shall see this day and its popular characteristics from the slave's point of view. standing there, identified with the american bondman, making his wrongs mine, i do not hesitate to declare, with all my soul, that the character and conduct of this nation never looked blacker to me than on this fourth of july. whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. what is one of the lessons douglass impresses on his listeners? a) the nation should not rejoice until everyone has freedom. b) he must speak on the fourth of july in order to bring change. c) for him to join the celebration would be treason. d) he can see the perspective of slaves and citizens with equal clarity.