Read this excerpt from "Why Are They Called Black Holes?"
After many millions or billions of years, the star runs out of hydrogen and energy. Then the star "dies" and collapses into a dense little ball with tons of gravity. Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity predicted that black holes would have to exist if a dead star had enough gravity. Using Einstein's theory, astronomers calculated that if a star more than three times as heavy as our sun died, the force of gravity pulling matter in could overwhelm any other force pushing matter out.

In this excerpt, the author makes a connection between a scientific theory and

the calculations that scientists make.
the beginning of a star's existence.
the idea that all things live and die.
the question of why gravity exists.

the rhetoric device being used to persuade the audience is pathos.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

man vs. nature - first choice

i am confused, i do not see a speech unless you mean the

question