The underlying message or idea in a literary work

What is the victorian theme in the poem “beautiful city” by alfred, lord tennyson? beautiful city, the centre and crater of european confusion, o you with your passionate shriek for the rights of an equal humanity, how often your re-volution has proven but e-volution roll’d again back on itself in the tides of a civic insanity! a. civil unrest b. revolution c. confusion d. social justice