This is the political, social, cultural, and economic 'time and place' surrounding the creation of a literary text.

Historical setting.

Explanation:

'Setting' is demonstrated as one of the most significant literary elements that aim to provide the time as well as the place in which the narrative is set.

'Historical setting' is demonstrated as the point in time at which a particular event took place. It is described as the 'economic, political, cultural, or social time and place' that surrounds the entire narrative of a literary text as it creates a specific mood and atmosphere in which the specific actions mentioned in the text occurred. Thus, it helps the authors to create the desired mood and provide the readers with the contextual background that helps them to understand the text contextually and elicit the desired response.

to kill a mockingbird basically is about a lawyer who goes against everything in a racist society like at the time of this novel, to defend a black man accused of sexual abuse. in the bible there are cases like that of joseph, who was accused by the woman of potifar, for a crime similar to that of tim robbinson, of that novel (genesis 39: 1-20). at this point we see that god also provides the escape to joseph, who was accused unjustly, but in his time, and through his attitude, his faith was not shaken, and god provided the solution. the perspective of god also written in the bible and not pay evil with evil. (ephesians 4: 32, 1 thessalonians 5: 15, 1 peter 3: 9). atticus, the lawyer, demonstrated during this lee novel, empathy, love of neighbor, understood the situation of this accused man. he went against everything in that society, and stood in favor of that man, for the injustice committed. this shows the empathy, the love taught by christ, in some passages that speak of love and justice in the sermon of the beatitudes (especially verses 6 and 7 of matthew 5).