Which revision puts the underlined sentence into the active voice?
the 1988 nobel prize in literature was awarded to naguib mahfouz.
in 1988, the nobel prize in literature was given to naguib mahfouz.
naguib mahfouz won the nobel prize in literature in 1988.
the nobel prize in literature was won by naguib mahfouz in 1988.

"this year she had the extra joy of showing it to her small brother, and of terrifying him as well as herself. when they had done this many times they came back to the house to tell everybody that they had done it. he boasted. she mocked. they squabbled." how does julia feel about her little brother? does she love him? hate him? find him an annoyance? be sure you read what is implied by their reactions to each other.

Ead the passage from "marriage is a private affair” by chinua achebe. "i shall never see her,” was the reply. from that night the father scarcely spoke to his son. he did not, however, cease hoping that he would realize how serious was the danger he was heading for. day and night he put him in his prayers. nnaemeka, for his own part, was very deeply affected by his father’s grief. but he kept hoping that it would pass away. if it had occurred to him that never in the history of his people had a man married a woman who spoke a different tongue, he might have been less optimistic. "it has never been heard,” was the verdict of an old man speaking a few weeks later. in that short sentence he spoke for all of his people. this man had come with others to commiserate with okeke when news went round about his son’s behaviour. by that time the son had gone back to lagos. "it has never been heard,” said the old man again with a sad shake of his head. "what did our lord say? ” asked another gentleman. "sons shall rise against their fathers; it is there in the holy book.” "it is the beginning of the end,” said another. how does this passage reinforce the traditional social hierarchy? the older men in the village tell okeke that he should respect nnaemeka’s decision. the older men in the village console nnaemeka about okeke’s attitude toward his choices. the older men in the village commiserate with okeke regarding nnaemeka’s decision to disobey him. the older men in the village think that nnaemeka should be optimistic that okeke will accept his decision.

Explain how johnny got hurt. how does this affect his personality