The five major questions below are part of a body of investigation questions known as the
a0.
what purpose?
what action?
what agent?
what setting?
what means?

Inductive reasoning.

You would be looking at inductive reasoning. Think of the scientific method. Scientists will study a behavior of an animal and then come to conclusions based off of this evidence. 

Deductive reasoning would be starting with a Theory and then fleshing it out. Deductive reasoning is where you would act like a Sherlock Holmes to find the answer. Through observation, facts, etc

All of them they’re all right

Would this why do giraffes have long necks?