Which sentence uses a participial phrase to add variety and interest to its meaning?
a) delores avoided all the jellyfish that had washed up on the shore overnight.
b) delores walked along the beach and avoided all the jellyfish that had washed ashore.
c) walking on the beach, delores dodged all the jellyfish that had washed ashore.
d) delores wanted to walk on the beach, but she had to avoid all the jellyfish.

Explanation:

C. Walking on the beach, Delores dodged all the jellyfish that had washed ashore.

Your answer would be C.

Explanation:

Sentence contains the participle phrase walking on the beach. A participle phrase will begin with a present or past participle. In this case, it begins with a present participle walking. As all phrases require two or more words, a participle phrase might include objects and/or modifiers that complete the thought (the PP on the beach).

Moreover, participle phrases always function as adjectives, adding description to the sentence. In the sentence above, the participle phrase modifies the noun Delores.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

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