Based on this excerpt, what can you infer about jonathan swift’s life

the answer is d

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the negative way that it shaped life was by having a feudal system where only the nobles and the christian church while it was oppressive to the peasants and specially to women. the positive way that it shape life is by introducing the artisan class when the feudal system fell. it change the attitudes towards religion and it also introduced what was known as knightly chivalry.

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answer :

the following two parts of the given excerpt from "beowulf" denote the importance of kinship and lineage :

1. hither to come; of (kinsmen's approval,

  word-leave of warriors), i ween that ye surely

2. (nothing have known. never a greater one

    of earls o’er the earth have i had a sight of)