Which is the tense of the underlined verb?

by the time i got outside, the cat had pounced on the dog.

a.
past

b.
present perfect

c.
past progressive

d.
past perfect

Which sentence contains a punctuation error? a. have you met my great-aunt marie raines? b. my mother wrote three children's books about the family farm. c. my sister's mother in law lives with them, and everyone gets along fine. d. another hurricane is brewing in the mid-atlantic.