Are representations of actual objects.
a. symbols
b. models
c. handouts
d. notecards

most likely the answer would be a.) cupidity

definitions:

cupidity - greed for money or possessions

hydrophobia - extreme or irrational fear of water, especially as a symptom of rabies in humans

pathology - the science of the causes and effects of diseases, especially the branch of medicine that deals with the laboratory examination of samples of body tissue for diagnostic or forensic

patho -   relating to disease

the development of trade during the middle age increased to the change given in the agriculture, which gave money, industry and markets a bigger importance in economy. the agriculture production was more than the consumption, which meant the creation of wider markets out of the areas. besides, with the end of multiple wars, the population increased and new trade routes were created.