Explain why is it important to know the purpose and audience before you choose your topic and why is it important to know your main ideas before you begin writing

What functions as a reflexive pronoun in the sentence the professor herself wanted to attend the conference, but it was cancelled when she and several other presenters had to excuse themselves

The greatest gift the sumerians gave the world was the invention of writing. the sumerians were wealthy people. they needed some way to keep track of what they owned. they began drawing pictures. they used a reed as a pen. they drew on soft pieces of clay. the soft clay was then dried in the sun. the tablet became a permanent record. later, the sumerian drawings changed into wedge-shaped symbols. this kind of writing is called cuneiform. by putting symbols together, the sumerians could write entire sentences.

Which sentence does not contain an intensive pronoun? a) i guess i will just take out the trash myself. b) while treating herself to lunch, angie ran into an old friend. c) tony himself made dinner last night even though he hates to cook. d) lisa wondered if she herself was the one who left the oven on all day.