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one researcher has identified five basic causes of frustration above and beyond daily hassles. (2) to begin with, delays are hard for us to accept because our culture stresses the value of time. (3) anyone who has been caught in a traffic jam is familiar with the frustration of delay. (4) lack of resources is another cause of frustration, especially to low-income americans, who cannot afford the new cars or vacations that tv programs and magazine articles would have us believe everyone must have. (5) losses, such as the end of a love affair or a cherished friendship, are frustrating because they often make us feel , unimportant, and worthless. (6) failure is a frequent source of frustration in our competitive society. (7) the aspect of failure that is hardest to cope with is guilt. (8) we imagine that if we had done certain things differently, we might have succeeded, and so we feel responsible for our own or someone else’s pain and disappointment. (9) discrimination can also be a source of frustration. (10) being denied opportunities or recognition simply because of one’s sex, age, religion, or skin color, regardless of one’s personal qualifications or accomplishments, is immensely frustrating.

1. the organizational patterns of the paragraph are list of items and

a. definition and example.

b. cause and effect.

c. comparison and/or contrast.