Paraphrase the eighth stanza of “the raven” in your own words. how did paraphrasing it you better understand the events that the narrator is describing? then the ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling, by the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore, "though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," i said, "art sure no craven, ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the nightly shore— tell me what thy lordly name is on the night's plutonian shore! " quoth the raven, "nevermore."

Then the ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,

The black bird amused me into smiling

By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,

By its dark, serious appearance

"Though thy crest be shorn and shaven, thou," I said, "art sure no craven,

The raven seems domesticated, but it isn't a coward (craven)

Ghastly grim and ancient Raven wandering from the Nightly shore—

Wondering around at this time of night

Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Night's Plutonian shore!"

"Tell me who sent you, was it the underworld? (Plutonian refers to Pluto, the Roman god of the underworld)

Quoth the Raven, "Nevermore."

The raven replied, "Nevermore"

Paraphrasing helps by summarizing or simplifying the author's ideas. This allows the text to be more approachable and easier to understand without losing the original expressions.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)