Is "when the bow breaks, the cradle will fall" an example of parallelism?

No, parallelism would look like this: "when my mom is reading newspaper, my dad's watering his plants." Your example is more a logical implication to me.

when making an inference, the reader should be sure to support the inference with

evidence

a is an educated guess about what will happen.

c. prediction

when new information proves that a reader's prediction is wrong, the reader should

make a new prediction based on the new information.