Computer programs that play chess first appeared in the 1960s, but these programs were no match for the top human players. it was not until 1997 that a chess computer called deep blue was able to narrowly defeat world champion garry kasparov in a series of games. kasparov concealed his disappointment as best he could, but he could not hide the embarrassment he felt over losing to a machine. what can you infer about the benefit to the game of chess and of the computer program that plays chess