What is an example of direct characterization?

Which of the following sentences refers to a conflict between characters in "two kinds"?

Examine the public service ad. how does this ad transmit a cultural value? by sharing relevant high school graduation statistics by promoting a new type of educational program by reminding the public of the need for new schools by encouraging people to strive for more education

Ead this sentence from the evolution of useful things. the underlined phrases indicateaaking waterproof sandpaper would allow wet sanding, which in turn would cut down on dust, and thus be a greatmprovementpassing of timea directional change of positiona cause-and-effect relationshipsequence of events. save and exitmark this and retur