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Which of the following components of a pid controlled accumulates the error over time and responds to system error after the error has been accumulated? a)- proportional b)- derivative c)- integral d)- on/off.

Consider a 1.2 meter high and 2 meter wide glass window whose thickness is 6 mm and thermal conductivity is 0.78 w/m °c. the room temperature is maintained at 24 °c, while the outdoor temperature is -5 °c. the convective heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the window are 10 w/m2 °c and 25 w/m2 °c respectively. (a) draw the thermal resistance network, etermine the steady rate of heat transfer t e glass window (c) determine the temperature of the inner surface of the window

Consider a spherical container of inner radius , outer radius r2, and thermal conductivity k. express the boundary condition on the inner surface of the container for steady one-dimensional conduction for the following cases: (a) specified temperature of 50°c, (b) specified heat flux of 30 w/m2 toward the center, (c) convection to a medium at t with a heat transfer coefficient of h