A smooth concrete pipe with an 18-inch diameter has water flows. The flow rate is 10 ft3/s. Determine the pressure drop in a 100-ft horizontal section of the pipe. Repeat the problem if there is a 2-ft change in elevation of the pipe per 100-ft of its length (z2>z1).

i)pressure drop at 100-ft horizontal section = 0.266 psi

ii)pressure drop at +2ft and -2ft  change in elevation = 1.13 psi and -0.601 psi

Explanation:

Flow rate  = 10 ft^3/s

diameter of pipe ( D ) = 18 inches  

Area = π * D^2

elevation ( L )  = 100 ft

i) Calculate pressure drop at 100-ft horizontal section

applying Bernoulli's equation

Δp = pg ( Z₂ - Z₁ ) + f   ---------- ( 1 )

where : p = 1.94 slug/ft^3 , g = 32.2 ft/s^2,  Z₂ = Z₁ , f = 0.0185,  L=100ft , D = 18inches, V = 5.66 ft/s ( i.e. flowrate / A )

Input given values into equation 1

Δp ( pressure drop ) = 0.266 psi

ii) Calculate pressure drop at   ± 2ft  change in elevation

Δp = pg ( Z₂ - Z₁ ) + f   ---------- ( 2 )

where :  Z₂ - Z₁  = ± 2 ft , p = 1.94 slug/ft^3 , g = 32.2 ft/s^2,  Z₂ = Z₁ , f = 0.0185,  L=100ft , D = 18inches, V = 5.66 ft/s

input given values into equation above

Δp = ( 1.13 psi ,   -0.601 psi )

the equation above shows how temperature f, measured in degrees fahrenheit, relates to a temperature c, measured in degrees celsius. based on the equation, which of the following must be true?

a temperature increase of 1 degree fahrenheit is equivalent to a temperature increase of

5

9

degree celsius.

a temperature increase of 1 degree celsius is equivalent to a temperature increase of 1.8 degrees fahrenheit.

a temperature increase of

5

9

degree fahrenheit is equivalent to a temperature increase of 1 degree celsius.

a) i only

b) ii only

c) iii only

d) i and ii only