(1.22) an overhead 25-m-long, uninsulated industrial steam pipe of 100- mm diameter is routed through a building whose walls and air are at 25°c. pressurized steam maintains a pipe surface temperature of 150°c, and the coefficient associated with natural convection is h = 10 w/m 2 · k. the surface emissivity is ε = 0.8. (a) what is the rate of heat loss from the steam line? (b) if the steam is generated in a gas-fired boiler operating at an efficiency of ηf = 0.90 and natural gas is priced at cg = $0.02 per mj, what is the annual cost of heat loss from the line?

Tom is having a problem with his washing machine. he notices that the machine vibrates violently at a frequency of 1500 rpm due to an unknown rotating unbalance. the machine is mounted on 4 springs each having a stiffness of 10 kn/m. tom wishes to add an undamped vibration absorber attached by a spring under the machine the machine working frequency ranges between 800 rpm to 2000 rpm and its total mass while loaded is assumed to be 80 kg a) what should be the mass of the absorber added to the machine so that the natural frequency falls outside the working range? b) after a first trial of an absorber using a mass of 35 kg, the amplitude of the oscillation was found to be 10 cm. what is the value of the rotating unbalance? c) using me-3.5 kg. m, find the optimal absorber (by minimizing its mass). what would be the amplitude of the oscillation of the absorber?