An air-standard cycle is executed within a closed piston-cylinder system and consists of three processes as follows: 1-2 v = constant heat addition from 100 kpa and 27 degree c to 700 kpa 2-3 isothermal expansion until v3 = 7v2 3-1 p = constant heat rejection to the initial state assume air has constant properties with cv = 0.718 kj/kg. k cp = 1.005 kj/kg. k, r = 0.287 kj/kg. k, and k = 1.4.
(a) sketch the p-v and t-s diagrams for the cycle.
(b) determine the ratio of the compression work to the expansion work (the back work ratio).
(c) determine the cycle thermal efficiency.

To design a steam turbine to produce 12,000 hp power. a engineer comsiders using a steady state stean low st 1160fr and engineer considers using a steady state steam flow at 1160°r and 450 psia to drive this steam turbine. the exhaust of the steam is cooled by the lake (vacuum). heat losing to the surroundings is measured at a rate of 555.55 btu/s. (a) sketch the system with the given conditions. (b) neglecting kinetic and potential energy changes from inlet to exit, determine the volumetric flow rate of the steam at the inlet, (ft'/hr). must clearly show unit conversions at crtical terms.