In an undrained triaxial test on a soil specimen the constant cell pressure was 200 kpa. when the piston load was 320 n the length of the specimen was 65 mm. if the original length and diameter of the specimen were 78mm and 38mm respectively, determine at the above piston load:
a) cross-sectional area of the specimen.
b) deviator stress.
c) major principal total stress.
d) maximum shear stress.

Agas contained within a piston-cylinder assembly e end nation about same energy states, 1 and 2, where pi 10 bar, v undergoes two processes, a and b, between the sam 0.1 m3, ui-400 kj and p2 1 bar, v2 1.0 m2, u2 200 kj: process a: process from 1 to 2 during which the pressure- volume relation is pv constant process b: constant-volume process from state 1 to a pressure of 2 bar, followed by a linear pressure-volume process to +20 0 state 2 kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. for each of the processes a and b, (a) sketch the process on p-v coordinates, (b) evaluate the work, in kj, and (c) evaluate process the heat transfer, in kj