Calculate the equilibrium concentration of vacancies, nv, per cubic meter in pure copper at 850°c. assume that the energy of formation of a vacancy in pure copper is 1.3 ev. (density of copper = 8.96 × 106 g/m3, boltzmann constant = 8.62 × 10-5 ev/k, and atomic mass of copper = 63.54 g/atomic mass.)

An ideal otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 8. the minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 300 k and 1340 k. use constant specific heats at room temperature to determine (a) the amount of heat transferred to the air during the heat- addition kj/kg, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle ope limits. process, in rating between the same temperature

Which of the following controllers anticipates the future from the slope of errors over time? a)-proportional b)-on/off c)-integral d)-derivative.

An engine runs on the ideal diesel cycle. the cycle has a compression ratio of 20 and a cutoff ratio of 2. the highest temperature in the cycle is 1200 k. if the heat into the system is 300 kj/kg of working fluid and using variable specific heats determine the work produced per mass of working fluid