Oil with a density of 850 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity of 0.00062 m2/s is being discharged by an 8-mm-diameter, 43-m-long horizontal pipe from a storage tank open to the atmosphere. the height of the liquid level above the center of the pipe is 4 m. disregarding the minor losses, determine the flow rate of oil through the pipe. solve this problem by making the assumption that since the velocity through the pipe is so small, the pressure at the pipe entrance is nearly the same as the hydrostatic pressure at that location.

A3-mm-thick panel of aluminum alloy (k 177 w/m-k, c 875 j/kg-k and ? = 2770 kg/m) is finished on both sides with an epoxy coating that must be cured at or above t,-150°c for at least 5 min. the production line for the curing operation involves two steps: (1) heating in a large oven with air at ts,0-175°c and a convection coefficient of h, 40 w/m2. k, and (2) cooling in a large chamber with air at 25°c and a con- vection coefficient of he 10 w/m2.k. the heating portion of the process is conducted over a time interval te which exceeds the ime required to reach 150°c by 5 min (h = r + 300 s). the coating has an emissivity of ? = 0.8, and the temperatures of the oven and chamber walls are 175 and 25°c, respectively. if the panel is placed in the oven at an initial temperature of 25°c and removed from the chamber at a safe-to-touch tempera ture of 37°c, what is the total elapsed time for the two-step curing operation?