How does the microstructure in predicting the mechanical properties of an alloy system? what are the different ways to tune the microstructure and hence the properties in such systems? explain with examples.

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

Find the minimum film thickness for a journal bearing with the data below. shaft diameter, d-50 mm, clearance ratio, cdratio? 0.001, shaft speed, n 2000 rpm; bearing length. i 200 mm; eccentricity ration, ? -0.55. ( note, cdratio-ca/d) the minimum film thickness is um

Modern high speed trains do not have perpendicular expansion gaps where rails are joined end-to-end any more they are mostly welded together but what might happen if there was a spell of particularly hot weather that causes inspection of the tracks?