Anew underground pipeline at a chemical complex is to be placed parallel to an existing underground pipeline. the existing line has an od of 8.9 cm, carries a fluid at 283 k and is not insulated. the new line will have an od of 11.4 cm and will carry a fluid at 335 k. the center-to-center distance between the two pipelines will be 0.76 m. the ground at the plant site has an average thermal conductivity of 0.7 w/m k. in order to determine whether the new line will need to be insulated, calculate the rate of heat transfer between the two pipelines per meter of pipe length if the new line is not insulated. for the purpose of this calculation, neglect the resistances of the pipe walls and the convective resistances between the fluids and pipe walls.