8.11 LAB: Count characters - functions Write a program whose input is a character and a string, and whose output indicates the number of times the character appears in the string. Ex: If the input is: n Monday, the output is: 1 Ex: If the input is: z Today is Monday, the output is: 0 Ex: If the input is: n It's a sunny day, the output is: 2 Case matters. n is different than N. Ex: If the input is: n Nobody, the output is: 0 Your program must define and call the following function that returns the number of times the input character appears in the input string. int CountCharacters(char userChar, const string

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int CountCharacters(char userChar, const string inputstr){

   int k = 0;

   int iter = 0;

   for (iter = 0; iter < inputstr.size(); iter++){

       if (inputstr[iter] ==  userChar){

           ++k;        }}

   return k;}

int main(){

   string str;

   char userChar[1];

   cout<<"Char: ";    cin>>userChar;

   cin.ignore();

   cout<<"String: ";   getline(cin, str);

   cout<<CountCharacters(userChar[0],str);

   return 0;}

Explanation:

Written in C++:

The function is defined here:

int CountCharacters(char userChar, const string inputstr){

This initializes a count variable k to 0

   int k = 0;

This initializes an iterating variable iter to 0

   int iter = 0;

This iterates through the characters of the string being passed to the function

   for (iter = 0; iter < inputstr.size(); iter++){

This checks for matching characters

       if (inputstr[iter] ==  userChar){

If found,  k is incremented by 1

           ++k;        }}

This returns the total count

   return k;}

The main begins here

int main(){

This declares a string variable

   string str;

This declares a character variable

   char userChar[1];

This gets input for the character variable

   cout<<"Char: ";    cin>>userChar;

This lets the user get another input

   cin.ignore();

This gets input for the string variable

   cout<<"String: ";   getline(cin, str);

This calls the function and return the count of character in the string

   cout<<CountCharacters(userChar[0],str);

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