What field in the IP header can be used to ensure that a packet is forwarded through no more than N routers

Is a string of code written to hurt others by damaging or destroying

It is vital to research each of the services you plan to disable before implementing any change, especially on critical machines such as the: a. servers in the test environment. b. domain controller and other infrastructure servers. c. desktops that have previously been attacked. d. desktops used by upper-level management.

Suppose there is a relation r(a, b, c) with a b+-tree index with search keys (a, b).1. what is the worst-case cost of finding records satisfying 10 < a < 50 using this index, in terms of the number of records n1, retrieved and the height h of the tree? 2. what is the worst-case cost of finding records satisfying 10 < a < 50 and 5 < b < 10 using this index, in terms of the number of records n2 that satisfy this selection, as well as n1 and h defined above? 3. under what conditions on n1 and n2, would the index be an efficient way of finding records satisfying the condition from part (2)?