In this lab you will write a program that simulates a mouse in a maze. The maze will have one exit location. The mouse will start from some location in the maze and move to different locations until it gets out of the maze or gets stuck. (Your mouse will be smart enough to know that it is stuck, as long as it doesn't follow a path that contains a loop!) Sometimes the mouse will come to a dead end and will need to backtrack to try another path. No matter where the mouse is in the maze, the mouse can only travel in one of the four cardinal directions, north (up), south(down), east(right) and west(left):

/* C/C++ program to solve Rat in a Maze problem using  

backtracking */

#include <stdio.h>  

// Maze size  

#define N 4  

bool solveMazeUtil(int maze[N][N], int x, int y, int sol[N][N]);  

/* A utility function to print solution matrix sol[N][N] */

void printSolution(int sol[N][N])  

{  

for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {  

 for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)  

 printf(" %d ", sol[i][j]);  

 printf("\n");  

}  

}  

/* A utility function to check if x, y is valid index for N*N maze */

bool isSafe(int maze[N][N], int x, int y)  

{  

// if (x, y outside maze) return false  

if (x >= 0 && x < N && y >= 0 && y < N && maze[x][y] == 1)  

 return true;  

return false;  

}  

/* This function solves the Maze problem using Backtracking. It mainly  

uses solveMazeUtil() to solve the problem. It returns false if no  

path is possible, otherwise return true and prints the path in the  

form of 1s. Please note that there may be more than one solutions,  

this function prints one of the feasible solutions.*/

bool solveMaze(int maze[N][N])  

{  

int sol[N][N] = { { 0, 0, 0, 0 },  

   { 0, 0, 0, 0 },  

   { 0, 0, 0, 0 },  

   { 0, 0, 0, 0 } };  

if (solveMazeUtil(maze, 0, 0, sol) == false) {  

 printf("Solution doesn't exist");  

 return false;  

}  

printSolution(sol);  

return true;  

}  

/* A recursive utility function to solve Maze problem */

bool solveMazeUtil(int maze[N][N], int x, int y, int sol[N][N])  

{  

// if (x, y is goal) return true  

if (x == N - 1 && y == N - 1) {  

 sol[x][y] = 1;  

 return true;  

}  

// Check if maze[x][y] is valid  

if (isSafe(maze, x, y) == true) {  

 // mark x, y as part of solution path  

 sol[x][y] = 1;  

 /* Move forward in x direction */

 if (solveMazeUtil(maze, x + 1, y, sol) == true)  

 return true;  

 /* If moving in x direction doesn't give solution then  

 Move down in y direction */

 if (solveMazeUtil(maze, x, y + 1, sol) == true)  

 return true;  

 /* If none of the above movements work then BACKTRACK:  

 unmark x, y as part of solution path */

 sol[x][y] = 0;  

 return false;  

}  

return false;  

}  

// driver program to test above function  

int main()  

{  

int maze[N][N] = { { 1, 0, 0, 0 },  

   { 1, 1, 0, 1 },  

   { 0, 1, 0, 0 },  

   { 1, 1, 1, 1 } };  

solveMaze(maze);  

return 0;  

}  

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the benefits of raising bc’s minimum wage to $15 through a

series of pre-announced staged increases far outweigh the likely

costs. claims that such an increase will lead to massive job losses

in low-wage sectors of the economy are not credible.

• an increase to $15 would result in some job losses. however,

the likely impact is less than a 1 per cent reduction in the overall

provincial employment rate, and a 7.6 per cent reduction in the

employment rate for those currently making between $10.25

and $15 per hour.

• the large job loss impacts predicted by some opponents of

minimum wages misrepresent the existing economic research. in

reading and using that research, it is important to recognize that

estimates showing job loss effects of minimum wage increases

apply only to teenagers. estimated effects for young adult and

adult workers range from insignificant to non-existent.

• focusing on teenage workers plays up an inaccurate stereotype

about who earns very low wages in bc and leads to exaggerated

claims about job losses. only 26 per cent of those currently making

between $10.25 and $12 are teenagers, and only 5 per cent

of those making between $12 and $15 are teenagers.