3. Describe what a pre-processor does in a network-based IDS tool such as Snort. Demonstrate your understanding of this functionality by citing two examples of pre-processors and explaining what they contribute to the process of network traffic analysis and intrusion detection.

Pre-processors look at organize traffic and screens parcel transmissions by examining andreassembling divided data.Frag2:preprocessor that battles against IP fracture attacks.Attackers sends a fragmentedTCP bundle with header data that gets entrance through a firewall.At the equivalent time,other parcels with vindictive information "slip" by the firewall undetected because of the fragmentationbeing so little by overwriting the header information.The frag2 pre-processor is specificallydesigned to break down bundle discontinuity to search out noxious information in the sections, which iswhy this pre-processor ought to never be turned off.Stream4:preprocessor Snort uses to coordinate assault marks over numerous packets.Anattacker endeavors to send different parcels into the system conveying parts of the attackpayload which are required to be reassembled by the host so as to start an attack.Stream4 stores the bits of the mark until all bundles are transmitted.Once they are alltransmitted, Stream4 finishes the signature and an alarm is created.

Explanation:

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a  social news website  is an  internet  website  that features  user-posted stories. such stories are ranked based on popularity, as voted on by other users of the site or by website administrators. users typically comment online on the news posts and these comments may also be ranked in popularity. since their emergence with the birth of  web 2.0, social news sites have been used to link many types of information, including news, humor, support, and discussion. all such websites allow the users to submit content and each site differs in how the content is moderated. on the  slashdot  and  fark  websites,  administrators  decide which articles are selected for the front page. on  reddit  and  digg, the articles that get the most votes from the community of users will make it to the front page. many social news websites also feature an online comment system, where users discuss the issues raised in an article. some of these sites have also applied their voting system to the comments, so that the most popular comments are displayed first. some social news websites also have a  social networking  function, in that users can set up a user profile and follow other users' online activity on the website.