A25.0 ml sample of a 0.2900 m solution of aqueous trimethylamine is titrated with a 0.3625 m solution of hcl. calculate the ph of the solution after 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 ml of acid have been added; pkb of (ch3)3n = 4.19 at 25°c.

a) After adding 10 mL of HCl

first, we need to get moles of (CH3)3N = molarity * volume

                                                                 = 0.29 m * 0.025 L
                                                                 = 0.00725M moles
then, we need to get moles of HCl = molarity * volume

                                                          = 0.3625 m * 0.01L
                                                          = 0.003625 moles

so moles of (CH3)3N remaining    = moles of (CH3)3N - moles of HCl
                                                         = 0.00725 - 0.003625

                                                      = 0.003625 moles

and when the total volume = 0.01 L + 0.025L = 0.035 L

∴ [(CH3)3N] = moles remaining / total volume

                    = 0.003625 moles / 0.035L
                    = 0.104 M

when we have Pkb so we can get Kb :

pKb = - ㏒Kb
4.19 = -㏒Kb

∴Kb = 6.5 x 10^-5

when Kb = [(CH3)3NH+] [OH-] / [(CH3)3N]

and by using ICE table we assume we have:

[(CH3)3NH+] = X & [OH] = X 

and [(CH3)3N] = 0.104 -X

by substitution:

∴ 6.5 x 10^-5 = X^2 / (0.104-X)  by solving for X

∴X = 0.00257 M
∴[OH-] = X = 0.00257 M

∴POH = -㏒[OH]

           = -㏒0.00257
           = 2.5

∴ PH = 14 - POH
         = 14 - 2.5
         = 11.5
b) after adding 20ML of HCL:

moles of HCl = molarity * volume
                       = 0.3625 m * 0.02 L

                       = 0.00725 moles

  

the complete neutralizes of (CH3)3N we make 0.003625 moles of (CH3)3NH+ So, now we need the Ka value of (CH3)3NH+:

and when the total volume = 0.02L + 0.025 = 0.045L

∴ [ (CH3)3NH+] = moles / total volume

                          = 0.003625 / 0.045L
                          = 0.08 M
 
when Ka = Kw / Kb 

and we have Kb = 6.5 x 10^-5 & we know that Kw = 1 x 10^-14 

so, by substitution:

Ka = (1 x 10^-14) / (6.5 x 10^-5)

    = 1.5 x 10^-10

when Ka expression = [(CH3)3N][H+] / [(CH3)3NH+]

by substitution:

∴ 1.5 x 10^-10 = X^2 / (0.08 - X)  by solving for X

∴X = 3.5 x 10^-6  M

∴ [H+]= X = 3.5 x 10^-6 M

∴PH = -㏒[H+]

        = -㏒(3.5 x 10^-6)

       = 5.5

C) after adding 30ML of HCl:

moles of HCl = molarity * volume 

                       = 0.3625m * 0.03L

                       = 0.011 moles

and when moles of (CH3)3N neutralized = 0.003625 moles 

∴ moles of HCl remaining    = moles HCl - moles (CH3)3N neutralized

                                                = 0.011moles - 0.003625moles

                                                = 0.007375 moles
when total volume = 0.025L + 0.03L

                                = 0.055L

∴[H+] = moles / total volume

           = 0.007375 mol / 0.055L

            = 0.134 M

∴PH = -㏒[H+]

        = -㏒ 0.134

        = 0.87

The teacher is mostly talking about the distillation of a mixture