If oxygen, symbol o, undergoes a covalent bond it wants to form how many bonds

2.

Explanation:

1) The number of bonds that an atom is willing to form may be predicted in terms of the octet rule.

2) Atomic number of oxygen is 8, which implies that the atom has 8 electrons.

3) The electron configuration of oxygen is 1s² 2s² 2p⁴.

4) So, oxygen has 6 electrons in its valence shell.

5) The octet rule states that any atom will try to reach the configuration of the closest noble gas by "gaiing" or "giving" the electrons to have the 8 electrons in the outer shell.

6) Then oxygen will be willing to share two electrons with other atoms to complete, along with its own 6 electrons, the 8 electrons, which leads to the configuration of the noble gas Ne.

7) Each electron shared contributes to the formation of a bond. That is why by sharing two electrons, oxygen will form two covalent bonds.

not clear

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.