Describe the attractive forces and repulsive forces that exist between two atoms as the atoms move closer together

In order to become stable atoms attract one another to fill their octet and become stable however the closer they get the electron cloud surrounding the nuclei repel each other as they are carrying like charges. due to this reason the atom begins to move away from one another. the bond length or the distance at which the two atoms stabilise their attraction and repulsion is what we call the bond length.

It was ernest rutherford