Which change of state involves a release of energy? boiling condensation melting sublimation

Answer

Condensation

Explanation

Condensation is the change of the physical state of matter from gas phase into liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization.  When gas condenses to liquid the quantity of energy converted from chemical to heat is called the Heat of Vaporization or ΔHvap. As the gas particles cool down the particles slow down, and a liquid forms. For example, the droplets of water seen on a mirror when you exhale come from water vapor (in your breather) that cools enough to condense and collect on the mirror.

While in case of other three process boiling, melting and sublimation heat is required. They are endothermic process.

intermolecular forces are the forces between molecules or particles.

there are two kinds of van der waals forces: weak london dispersion forces and stronger dipole-dipole forces.

in molecule of water there are dipole-dipole forces between negatively charged oxygen from one molecule of water and positively charger hydrogen of another molecule of water.

hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction between two polar groups that occurs when a hydrogen atom (h), covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as flourine (f), oxygen (o) and nitrogen (n) atoms.