What term best describes the type of reaction that happens when a molecule or compund reacts with another molecule or compound, producing two new molecules or compounds a) an isolation reaction b) a single combustion reaction c) a single replacement reaction d) a double replacement reaction

The answer to this question would be: a double replacement reaction

In double replacement reaction or metathesis, the reaction will result in two new compound. The cation from the molecule reaction is switching with the cation from other molecules. 
In contrast to the double replacement reaction, in single replacement reaction the molecule made in just one. In this case, the compound is just swapping its molecule with a more reactive one, results in a more stable compound.

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Yes you are correct use the scientific method