Construct an Explanation Sapphires and rubies are forms of the mineral corundum, Al, O3. Corundum is one of the hardest known natural materials.
The hardness of ionic compounds depends on the structure of the crystal
and the strength of the ionic bonds. The distance between the aluminum
ions (A13+) and oxide ions (O2-) is 191 pm. Use Coulomb's law to explain how
the bonding in Al2O3 influences its properties.

Figure 10-1 study figure 10-1. the strong nuclear force felt by a single proton in a large nucleus

In a ni-cd battery, a fully charged cell is composed of nickelic hydroxide. nickel is an element that has multiple oxidation states. assume the following proportions of the states: nickel charge proportions found 0 0.17 +2 0.3 +3 0.33 +4 0.5 (a) determine the mean of the nickel charge. enter the answer to 2 decimal places.(b) determine the cumulative distribution function of nickel charge.

How do temperature and salinity affect deepwater currents? as temperatures and salinity levels of water increase, the water rises to the surface where it creates currents as it moves to colder regions. they create changes in wind direction, moving denser water in the same direction as the wind and causing the deepwater circulation patterns found in the ocean. they equalize the forces on undersea currents caused by the coriolis effect as they replace more dense water with less dense water. they create density differences that cause dense deepwater currents to flow toward the equator where they displace less dense, warmer water above them.