Describe how increased knowledge about factors that affect toxicity, such as water hardness and complexing of metals with dissolved organic carbon (DOC), has influenced the way that the regulatory community views toxicity of metals in aquatic ecosystems.

Calculate the expected ph values of the buffer systems from the experiments (a, b,c, d), using the henderson- hasselbalch equation, ph-pka+log[a-]/[ha]. use for pka values carbonic acid= 6.37, and acetic acid= 4.75.

Why do you suppose the structural polysaccharide cellulose does not contain branches? why do you suppose the structural polysaccharide cellulose does not contain branches? branches in the molecule would generate side chains that would almost certainly make it difficult to pack the cellulose molecules into globules, thereby decreasing the flexibility and strength of the globules. branches in the molecule would generate side chains that would almost certainly make it difficult to pack the cellulose molecules into microfibrils, thereby increasing the rigidity and strength of the microfibrils. branches in the molecule would generate side chains that would almost certainly make it difficult to pack the cellulose molecules into globules, thereby increasing the flexibility and strength of the globules. branches in the molecule would generate side chains that would almost certainly make it difficult to pack the cellulose molecules into microfibrils, thereby decreasing the rigidity and strength of the microfibrils.

What happens when an atom of sulfur combines with two atoms of chlorine to produce sci2? a. each chlorine atom shares a pair of electrons with the sulfur atom. b. an electron is transferred from each chlorine atom to the sulfur atom. c. an electron is transferred from the sulfur atom to each chlorine atom. d. each chlorine atom shares all its valence electrons with the sulfur atom.