What is the current level of co2 in the atmosphere today?

Straightforward questions answered in the powerpoint slidesreaction: heating the starting materials under refluxwhat does it mean to heat under reflux? why do we choose water as the reflux solvent? what are boiling chips used for? why do we put a condenser on top of the reaction? why do we add heat and let the reaction stir for 30 minutes? why do we add sulfuric acid to the reaction after it cools as opposed to when it’s still hot? separation: filtration of precipitatewhy don’t we do an aqueous and organic extraction in the separatory funnel? why do you rinse the salicylic acid on the filter with ice cold water? purification: recrystallization of salicylic acid (no hot filtration needed)what is the difference in the amount of room temperature water vs. boiling water needed to dissolve the salicylic acid (assume a 1.2 gram yield of salicylic acid)? remember, in the lab if you need x ml of boiling water to dissolve a solid, then you should add a little more (definitely no more than 1.5 times the theoretical amount) to ensure it doesn’t recrystallize prematurely. analysis: melting point of salicylic acidwhat can you conclude if the melting point of the salicylic acid you just synthesized is 152-155oc and the 1: 1 mix of your product and “synthetic” salicylic acid is 151-154oc?

Which are examples of how technology has advanced scientific understanding.1using hot water to sterilize medical equipment.2transplanting a human organ into another individual.3inserting genes from one sheep into another cell to make a cloneunderstanding the different structures that make up a cell.4examining microorganisms from the deepest parts of the ocean

If a molecule with a molecular formula of c13h18 is treated with an excess of h2 in the presence of finally divided pt metal under conditions required for maximum hydrogenation of the molecule to give a molecule with a formula c13h24, how many rings are in the molecule?