What equipment is generally used to make lyophilized medications suitable for administering to the patient

Jewelweed, a flowering plant, has seed pods that burst open when touched and forcefully eject their seeds. these structures are favorable because they a. can cause genetic changes to occur. b. prevent germination within the seed pod. c. aid in the dispersal of the species. d. attract insects that aid in pollination.

Iknow the answer to 13 is b and 14 is d. i just need to know why the correct answers are correct

Calculate the expected ph values of the buffer systems from the experiments (a, b,c, d), using the henderson- hasselbalch equation, ph-pka+log[a-]/[ha]. use for pka values carbonic acid= 6.37, and acetic acid= 4.75.