Each atom consists of a central nucleus and several shells that contain electrons. The outermost electrons are called valence electrons. Most atoms are stable with a configuration of eight valence electrons. This is known as the octet rule. How many valence electrons does each atom have?

You mix the pks of succinic acid are 4.21 and 5.64. how many gramsa graduate student at sdsu wants to measure the activity of a particular enzyme at ph 4.0. to buffer her reaction, she will use a buffer system based on one of the acids listed below, which acid is most appropriate for the experiment? of monosodium succinate (fw = 140 g/mol) and disodium succinate (fw = 162 g/mol) must be added to 1 l of water to produce a solution with a ph 5.28 and a total solute concentration of 100 mm? (assume the total volume remains 1 liter, answer in grams monosodium succinate, grams disodium succinate, respectively.) volumes of 0.05 m nah2po4 and 0.05 m na2hpo4 (pk's for phosphoric acid are 2.15, 6.82 and 12.38). which of the following best describes the resulting solution?